SMART NANOFIBERS TO TREAT KIDNEY FAILURE

A simple way to treat kidney failure. A new technique for purifying blood using a nanofiber mesh could prove useful as a cheap, wearable alternative to kidney dialysis.

The newly-fabricated nanofiber mesh for the removal of toxins from the blood, made by WPI-MANA researchers, may be incorporated into wearable blood purification systems for kidney failure patients.

Kidney failure results in a build up of toxins and excess waste in the body. Dialysis is the most common treatment, performed daily either at home or in hospital. However, dialysis machines require electricity and careful maintenance, and are therefore more readily available in developed countries than poorer nations. Around one million people die each year worldwide from potentially preventable end-stage renal disease.

In addition to this, in the aftermath of disasters such as the Japanese earthquake and tsunami of 2011, dialysis patients are frequently left without treatment until normal hospital services are resumed. With this in mind, Mitsuhiro Ebara and co-workers at the International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science in Ibaraki, Japan, have developed a way of removing toxins and waste from blood using a cheap, easy-to-produce nanofiber mesh.

The mesh could be incorporated into a blood purification product small enough to be worn on a patient's arm, reducing the need for expensive, time-consuming dialysis.

The team made their nanofiber mesh using two components: a blood-compatible primary matrix polymer made from polyethylene-co-vinyl alchohol, or EVOH, and several different forms of zeolites -- naturally occurring aluminosilicates. Zeolites have microporous structures capable of adsorbing toxins such as creatinine from blood.

The researchers generated the mesh using a versatile and cost-effective process called electrospinning -- using an electrical charge to draw fibers from a liquid. Ebara and his team found that the silicon-aluminum ratio within the zeolites is critical to creatinine adsorption. Beta type 940-HOA zeolite had the highest capacity for toxin adsorption, and shows potential for a final blood purification product.

Although the new design is still in its early stages and not yet ready for production, Ebara and his team are confident that a product based on their nanofiber mesh will soon be a feasible, compact and cheap alternative to dialysis for kidney failure patients across the world.

Are These Smart Shoes The Answer For Neuropathic Feet

Today's post from europe.newsweek.com (see link below) promotes something people living with neuropathy have been wanting for decades and that's a shoe that is specifically designed to help them walk without the innate ugliness that characterises most orthopaedic footwear. The reason is that as insoles, they can be fitted inside your own shoes. That said, please don't rejoice too soon - it's only at the prototype stage (haven't we heard that all too often!!). Nevertheless, if the advertising blurb is to be believed than his sort of invention could be invaluable to people in danger of falling or stumbling due to weird nerve signals in their feet. if it's true that you can feel the vibrations where your feet touch the ground, then we may be able to re-train our feet to walk more normally, despite what the neuropathy tells us. Worth keeping an eye out for.

Smart Shoes Help The Elderly and Disabled Walk

By Anthony Cuthbertson On 3/16/16
 
The intelligent insoles and shoes are designed to assist people who suffer from peripheral neuropathy.

Path Feel insoles vibrate the wearer's foot so they know when it is touching the ground.Path

New high-tech shoes and insoles have been developed that can help elderly, ill and disabled people walk without fear of falling over.

Unveiled at the Wearable Technology Show in London on Tuesday, the Path Feel insoles and Path Finder shoes from U.K. startup Walk With Path provide tactile feedback and visual cues to assist walking. 

“If you walk and you don’t have a good feeling of the ground, you’ve got to be very careful, you keep checking every step, you need to look at the ground and see how you put your leg on the ground,” Iddo Wald, a design engineer at Walk With Path, tells Newsweek. “Path gives the confidence needed to walk without falling.

“We had a patient who suffers from a spinal cord injury and actually had no feeling of the ground at all but he could feel the vibration. It’s really exciting.” 

Path's insoles can be fitted into any pair of shoes.Newsweek

The intelligent insoles and shoes are designed to assist people who suffer from peripheral neuropathy—a condition brought about by a wide range of diseases, including diabetes, multiple sclerosis and Parkinson’s Disease.

Pressure sensors in the Path Feel insoles provide haptic feedback that vibrates the wearer’s foot and informs them when it is touching the ground. A companion app also gathers data in the hope of better understanding peripheral neuropathy.

The Path Finder shoes are designed specifically for Parkinson’s patients who suffer from freezing of gait—a disabling clinical phenomenon that prevents people from walking or causes them to walk with extremely short steps. Lasers projected out of the shoes in a green line aim to provide visual clues to help the sufferer focus on putting one foot in front of the other.

According to the National Parkinson Foundation, 38 percent of people with Parkinson’s suffer from falls each year, while AgeUK estimates one-in-the people over the age of 65 fall over. The hope is that both the insoles and the shoes can help bring those numbers down.

Both products are currently in the prototyping stage, with several London universities conducting trials. Early tests have seen some users reducing their freezing of gait by over 50 percent.

http://europe.newsweek.com/smart-shoes-help-elderly-and-disabled-walk-437502